Current Affairs of 13 March 2015

1. NASA finds ocean on Jupiter’s largest moon Ganymede
NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope has found strong evidence of a massive saltwater ocean under the icy crust of Jupiter’s largest moon Ganymede that could potentially support life. The subterranean ocean is thought to have more water than all the water on Earth’s surface, researchers said.
Identifying liquid water is crucial in the search for habitable worlds beyond Earth and for the search for life. “This discovery marks a significant milestone, highlighting what only Hubble can accomplish,” said John Grunsfeld, assistant administrator of NASA’s Science Mission Directorate at NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC. “A deep ocean under the icy crust of Ganymede opens up further exciting possibilities for life beyond Earth,” said Grunsfeld.
Ganymede is the largest moon in our solar system and the only moon with its own magnetic field. The magnetic field causes aurorae, which are ribbons of glowing, hot electrified gas, in regions circling the north and south poles of the moon.

2. Indian-origin Ganasen Reddy awarded with KwaZulu-Natal 2015 National Teachers Awards
Ganasen Reddy, an Indian-origin South African educator, was  awarded with KwaZulu-Natal 2015 National Teachers Awards at the annual National Teaching Awards held in Johannesburg.KwaZulu-Natal 2015 National Teachers Awards is a Lifetime Achievement Award for teaching in South Africa.
Ganasen Reddy was felicitated by South African minister of basic education Angie Motshekga. The award was given to Reddy for sustaining a high-level of achievement throughout his long teaching career by receiving results, awards and recognition over a long period of time.

3. Union Ministry of Chemicals & Fertilizers launched Pharma Jan Samadhan scheme
The Union Minister of Chemicals & Fertilizers Ananth Kumar  launched the Pharma Jan Samadhan scheme. It is a web enabled system for redressal of consumers’ grievances relating to pricing and availability of medicines.
The system was created by National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority (NPPA). The ministry also released Compendium of Ceiling Prices of Essential Medicines 2015 prepared by NPPA.
Pharma Jan Samadhan scheme
• The Pharma Jan Samadhan scheme will put in place a speedy and effective complaint redressal system with respect to availability and pricing of medicines.
• It will serve as a robust e-governance tool for protection of consumers’ interests through effective implementation of the Drugs (Price Control) Order, 2013.
• It will provide consumers with an on-line facility to redress their complaints relating to over-pricing of medicines, non-availability or shortage of medicines, sale of new medicines without prior price approval of NPPA, and refusal of supply for sale of any medicine without good and sufficient reason.
• Once the complaint is redressed, NPPA will initiate action on the complaint within 48 hrs of its receipt.

4. World Kidney Day 2015 observed with theme Kidney Health for All
World Kidney Day (WKD) was observed globally on 12 March 2015. The theme for the year 2015 is Kidney Health for All. The day is a global health awareness campaign that focuses on the importance of the kidneys and reducing the frequency and impact of kidney disease and its associated health problems worldwide.
World Kidney Day 
The World Kidney Day is annually observed on the second Thursday in March. It is a joint initiative of the International Society of Nephrology (ISN) and the International Federation of Kidney Foundations (IFKF).
World Kidney Day started in 2006. 

5. Mass nesting of Olive Ridley turtles started in Ganjam district of Odisha
The mass nesting of endangered species Olive Ridley (Lepidochelys olivacea) sea turtles started in second week of March 2015 near river Rushikulya mouth in Ganjam district of Odisha.
On the first day of nesting, around 10000 female turtles laid eggs in over 3-km-long sandy beach from Gokharakuda to Podampeta. Wildlife experts anticipated that the unique phenomenon would continue for some more days.
This mass nesting season of Olive Ridley was followed by the sporadic nesting in the rookery, which is considered as the second largest after Gahiramatha (world's most important nesting beach for Olive Ridley Sea Turtles).
Actions taken to secure the Olive Ridley and their eggs
Around 100-150 eggs are laid by each female turtle and to protect the Olive Ridley and its eggs and around 175 persons including forest personnel, wildlife activists and nearby villagers are engaged round the clock. This protection will continue for next 50 days till the hatching takes place.
The protection is required as the mother turtles do not wait for 45 to 50 days to see the baby turtles emerge hatching.

6. British Irish Visa Scheme came into force in India
The British Irish Visa Scheme came into force in India on 10 February 2015. The information related to this was revealed by Minister of State for External Affairs, VK Singh while answering the unstarred questions in Rajya Sabha on 12 March 2015.
The scheme allows Indian nationals to travel to the United Kingdom (UK) and Ireland on a single-visit visa from either country, on the same trip.
Applicant can apply at one of the existing Visa Application Centres in India of Ireland & the UK.
This scheme allows the holder of short-stay visa issued by the country of first arrival to travel freely between Ireland and the UK including Northern Ireland, for the duration of that visa.

7. Karnataka clinched eighth Ranji title of cricket
Defending champions Karnataka  won their eighth Ranji Trophy title of cricket. In the title clash played at the Wankhede stadium in Mumbai, Karnataka defeated Tamil Nadu by an innings and 217 runs.
Tamil Nadu was bundled out for 134 in the first innings. Karnataka then scored 762 runs. Chasing an imposing 628, Tamil Nadu was shot out for 411 in the final session of the fifth day's play.
Karnataka’s middle-order batsman Karun Nair scored 338 runs to help the team in scoring a winning target. While leg-spinner Shreyas Gopal of Karnataka who bagged four wickets for 26 wrecked the batting order of Tamil Nadu.
Karnataka Ranji team was captained by R Vinay Kumar, while the Tamil Nadu team was captained by Abhinav Mukund.
Man-of the-match - Karun Nair for his maiden triple century in first-class cricket

8. N Sakthan elected as Speaker of Kerala Assembly
Congress legislator and deputy speaker N Shakthan  was elected as the speaker of the Kerala Assembly. Shakthan defeated CPI (M) candidate P Aysha Potty by 74 to 66 votes. He succeeded G Karthikeyan who died on 7 March 2015 in Bangalore, Karnataka following a prolonged illness.
Before contesting for the post of speaker, Shaktan resigned from the post of Deputy Speaker of the Assembly on 10 March 2015.

9. Harvard University retains top position in Times’ World Reputation Rankings 2015
Harvard University retains top position in Times’ World Reputation Rankings 2015 America's Harvard University remains number one in a ranking of 100 most prestigious education institutions across the world, followed by Cambridge and Oxford universities of the UK. The list does not feature any Indian university.
Top 10 Universities in World Reputation Rankings 2015 are
Harvard University (US).
University of Cambridge (UK).
University of Oxford (UK).
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US).
Stanford University (US).
University of California, Berkeley (US).
Princeton University (US).
Yale University (US).
California Institute of Technology (US).
Columbia University (US).
As India failed to make its mark, the report quoted Times Higher Education Rankings editor Phil Baty telling, "It is really a matter of concern that a country of India's great intellectual history and its huge and growing economic power does not have a single university that is regarded by academics globally as being among the world's most prestigious."

1. NASA finds ocean on Jupiter’s largest moon Ganymede
NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope has found strong evidence of a massive saltwater ocean under the icy crust of Jupiter’s largest moon Ganymede that could potentially support life. The subterranean ocean is thought to have more water than all the water on Earth’s surface, researchers said.
Identifying liquid water is crucial in the search for habitable worlds beyond Earth and for the search for life. “This discovery marks a significant milestone, highlighting what only Hubble can accomplish,” said John Grunsfeld, assistant administrator of NASA’s Science Mission Directorate at NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC. “A deep ocean under the icy crust of Ganymede opens up further exciting possibilities for life beyond Earth,” said Grunsfeld.
Ganymede is the largest moon in our solar system and the only moon with its own magnetic field. The magnetic field causes aurorae, which are ribbons of glowing, hot electrified gas, in regions circling the north and south poles of the moon.

2. Indian-origin Ganasen Reddy awarded with KwaZulu-Natal 2015 National Teachers Awards
Ganasen Reddy, an Indian-origin South African educator, was  awarded with KwaZulu-Natal 2015 National Teachers Awards at the annual National Teaching Awards held in Johannesburg.KwaZulu-Natal 2015 National Teachers Awards is a Lifetime Achievement Award for teaching in South Africa.
Ganasen Reddy was felicitated by South African minister of basic education Angie Motshekga. The award was given to Reddy for sustaining a high-level of achievement throughout his long teaching career by receiving results, awards and recognition over a long period of time.

3. Union Ministry of Chemicals & Fertilizers launched Pharma Jan Samadhan scheme
The Union Minister of Chemicals & Fertilizers Ananth Kumar  launched the Pharma Jan Samadhan scheme. It is a web enabled system for redressal of consumers’ grievances relating to pricing and availability of medicines.
The system was created by National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority (NPPA). The ministry also released Compendium of Ceiling Prices of Essential Medicines 2015 prepared by NPPA.
Pharma Jan Samadhan scheme
• The Pharma Jan Samadhan scheme will put in place a speedy and effective complaint redressal system with respect to availability and pricing of medicines.
• It will serve as a robust e-governance tool for protection of consumers’ interests through effective implementation of the Drugs (Price Control) Order, 2013.
• It will provide consumers with an on-line facility to redress their complaints relating to over-pricing of medicines, non-availability or shortage of medicines, sale of new medicines without prior price approval of NPPA, and refusal of supply for sale of any medicine without good and sufficient reason.
• Once the complaint is redressed, NPPA will initiate action on the complaint within 48 hrs of its receipt.

4. World Kidney Day 2015 observed with theme Kidney Health for All
World Kidney Day (WKD) was observed globally on 12 March 2015. The theme for the year 2015 is Kidney Health for All. The day is a global health awareness campaign that focuses on the importance of the kidneys and reducing the frequency and impact of kidney disease and its associated health problems worldwide.
World Kidney Day 
The World Kidney Day is annually observed on the second Thursday in March. It is a joint initiative of the International Society of Nephrology (ISN) and the International Federation of Kidney Foundations (IFKF).
World Kidney Day started in 2006. 

5. Mass nesting of Olive Ridley turtles started in Ganjam district of Odisha
The mass nesting of endangered species Olive Ridley (Lepidochelys olivacea) sea turtles started in second week of March 2015 near river Rushikulya mouth in Ganjam district of Odisha.
On the first day of nesting, around 10000 female turtles laid eggs in over 3-km-long sandy beach from Gokharakuda to Podampeta. Wildlife experts anticipated that the unique phenomenon would continue for some more days.
This mass nesting season of Olive Ridley was followed by the sporadic nesting in the rookery, which is considered as the second largest after Gahiramatha (world's most important nesting beach for Olive Ridley Sea Turtles).
Actions taken to secure the Olive Ridley and their eggs
Around 100-150 eggs are laid by each female turtle and to protect the Olive Ridley and its eggs and around 175 persons including forest personnel, wildlife activists and nearby villagers are engaged round the clock. This protection will continue for next 50 days till the hatching takes place.
The protection is required as the mother turtles do not wait for 45 to 50 days to see the baby turtles emerge hatching.

6. British Irish Visa Scheme came into force in India
The British Irish Visa Scheme came into force in India on 10 February 2015. The information related to this was revealed by Minister of State for External Affairs, VK Singh while answering the unstarred questions in Rajya Sabha on 12 March 2015.
The scheme allows Indian nationals to travel to the United Kingdom (UK) and Ireland on a single-visit visa from either country, on the same trip.
Applicant can apply at one of the existing Visa Application Centres in India of Ireland & the UK.
This scheme allows the holder of short-stay visa issued by the country of first arrival to travel freely between Ireland and the UK including Northern Ireland, for the duration of that visa.

7. Karnataka clinched eighth Ranji title of cricket
Defending champions Karnataka  won their eighth Ranji Trophy title of cricket. In the title clash played at the Wankhede stadium in Mumbai, Karnataka defeated Tamil Nadu by an innings and 217 runs.
Tamil Nadu was bundled out for 134 in the first innings. Karnataka then scored 762 runs. Chasing an imposing 628, Tamil Nadu was shot out for 411 in the final session of the fifth day's play.
Karnataka’s middle-order batsman Karun Nair scored 338 runs to help the team in scoring a winning target. While leg-spinner Shreyas Gopal of Karnataka who bagged four wickets for 26 wrecked the batting order of Tamil Nadu.
Karnataka Ranji team was captained by R Vinay Kumar, while the Tamil Nadu team was captained by Abhinav Mukund.
Man-of the-match - Karun Nair for his maiden triple century in first-class cricket

8. N Sakthan elected as Speaker of Kerala Assembly
Congress legislator and deputy speaker N Shakthan  was elected as the speaker of the Kerala Assembly. Shakthan defeated CPI (M) candidate P Aysha Potty by 74 to 66 votes. He succeeded G Karthikeyan who died on 7 March 2015 in Bangalore, Karnataka following a prolonged illness.
Before contesting for the post of speaker, Shaktan resigned from the post of Deputy Speaker of the Assembly on 10 March 2015.

9. Harvard University retains top position in Times’ World Reputation Rankings 2015
Harvard University retains top position in Times’ World Reputation Rankings 2015 America's Harvard University remains number one in a ranking of 100 most prestigious education institutions across the world, followed by Cambridge and Oxford universities of the UK. The list does not feature any Indian university.
Top 10 Universities in World Reputation Rankings 2015 are
Harvard University (US).
University of Cambridge (UK).
University of Oxford (UK).
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US).
Stanford University (US).
University of California, Berkeley (US).
Princeton University (US).
Yale University (US).
California Institute of Technology (US).
Columbia University (US).
As India failed to make its mark, the report quoted Times Higher Education Rankings editor Phil Baty telling, "It is really a matter of concern that a country of India's great intellectual history and its huge and growing economic power does not have a single university that is regarded by academics globally as being among the world's most prestigious."

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